Established in 1789 by the third article of the Constitution, the Supreme Court was the first federal court in our country. Article Three gave Congress the authority to organize the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS), as well as allowing them to form more minor federal courts. This was followed by the Judiciary Act, which set into place the policy that justices serve the court until they retire or die, rather than facing reelection in terms. At this time, only 6 judges served on the Supreme Court. This number had been altered several times since, and the number of justices on the Supreme Court has varied from 5 to 10, the current 9 having been set in 1869 and remained since then.
Some notable decision that have been made by the Supreme Court:
The Supreme Court's first decision, regarding a farmer and a debt that he owed, was announced on August 3, 1791 only a day after they heard the case presented.
Marbury v. Madison, which established the power to declare laws unconstitutional.
Brown v. Board of Education, which eliminated segregation is schools, Miranda v. Arizona, which put into place the Miranda rights still in use today, and Loving v. Virginia, which made bans on interracial marriages illegal, all of which happened under Chief Justice Warren.
Mapp v. Ohio, which made illegally obtained evidence inadmissible in court.
U.S. v. Nixon, which stated that presidents could not use their position to withhold evidence from the court.
Source: History.com Editors. (2010, May 11). Supreme Court. Retrieved September 16, 2020, from
https://www.history.com/topics/us-government/supreme-court-facts
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